Chap 3 Tooth Reduction

 
Áö´ëÄ¡ Çü¼º ¸ñÀû
bridge retainer³ª crownÀ» Á¦ÀÛÇÒ ¶§ ¿ø·¡ÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬ Ä¡¾Æº¸´Ù Å©±â°¡ ´õ Ä¿Á®¼­´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ Áö´ëÄ¡ÀÇ °ÇÀüÇÑ enamel°ú dentinÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ »èÁ¦Çϸ鼭 ´ÙÀ½ »çÇ×À» °í·ÁÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
<1> º¸Ã¶¹°ÀÌ ÀåÂøÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ø°£ ºÎ¿©
<2> axial Ãø¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â undercut Á¦°Å
<3> º¸Ã¶¹°ÀÌ ºüÁöÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï retention ºÎ¿©
<4> original tooth contour¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ø°£ ºÎ¿©
 
Principles of tooth reduction
cf) biologic, mechanical, esthetic requirement¸¦ ¾ß±âÇϱ⵵ ÇÔ
1. preservation of tooth structure
1) Ä¡¾Æ, Ä¡Àº, pulp ÀÎÁ¢ Ä¡¾Æ¿¡ ¼Õ»óÀÌ °¡Áö ¾Êµµ·Ï »èÁ¦
2) Áö´ëÄ¡ÀÇ »èÁ¦·®Àº ÇÊ¿ä ¹üÀ§ ³»¿¡¼­ ÃÖ¼Ò·Î ÇÏ°í ±ÕÀÏÇÏ°Ô ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù
3) Ä¡¾Æ ¿ì½ÄÁõÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ºÎÀ§³ª ÀÌ¹Ì ÃæÀüµÈ ºÎÀ§¶óµµ ÀÇ½É °¡´Â ºÎÀ§´Â ¸ðµÎ Á¦°Å - ±íÀ¸¸é base³ª liner¸¦ ±ò°í restoration
2. retention & resistance
1) ±³Çշ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Å»¶ôµÇ°Å³ª, ºÎ·¯ÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
2) retention ÁõÁø¹ý
(1) axial surfaceÀÇ parallelism (B & L. M & D)
- undercutÀÌ »ý±â¸é ÀåÂøµÇÁö ¸øÇÔ
; ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÑ parallelismÀº 6µµ (ÁÂ. ¿ì¿¡ 3µµ¾¿)
»èÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ±â±¸ (bur) ÀÚü°¡ ¾çÃø¿¡ 30 ¾¿ taperµÇ¾î¼­
parallelÇÏ°Ô »èÁ¦Çϸé 6µµ À¯ÁöµÊ.
(2) axial surfaceÀÇ ¸éÀûÀÌ Å¬¼ö·Ï Áõ°¡
(3) secondary retention formÀ» »ç¿ë - box, groove, pinhole µî
3) resistanceÀÇ ÁõÁø
(1) dentinal support°¡ ¾ø´Â free enamelÀº ¸ðµÎ Á¦°Å
(2) Çü¼ºµÈ Áö´ëÄ¡¿¡ undercutÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.
3. structural durability
1) ±¸Á¶ÀûÀ¸·Î °ß°íÇÑ º¸Ã¶¹°ÀÌ µÇµµ·Ï »èÁ¦ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
(±³Çվп¡ °ßµô ¼ö ÀÖÀ» ¸¸Å­ÀÇ ±Ý¼Ó µÎ²²·Î »èÁ¦)
2) ±³ÇÕ¸éÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î 1-1.5mm »èÁ¦°¡ Æò±Õ
3) axial wallÀº 0.3-1mm ³»¿¡¼­ »èÁ¦Çϳª parallelismÀÌ ´õ Áß¿ä
4) »èÁ¦µÈ Áö´ëÄ¡ÀÇ Ç¥¸éÀº smoothÇÏ°Ô preparation µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
4. marginal integrity
1) marginal fit°¡ Àß ¸Â¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.(cervical margin)
2) cervical marginÀÇ À§Ä¡¸¦ È®½ÇÇÏ°Ô ÇØ ÁØ´Ù.
(1) self cleansing area
(2) subgingivaÀÇ caries immune area
 
»ç¿ëµÇ´Â instruments

1. dental handpiece - ȸÀü·ÂÀ» ±¸µ¿½ÃÄÑ ÁÖ´Â ±â±¸
1) ¸ð¾ç
straight handpiece
contra angle handpiece: hand grip ºÎÀ§¿Í bur´Â 90µµ·Î ȸÀü
2) ȸÀü·Â
(1) RPM(revolution per minute)°¡ Áß¿ä: ÁÁÀº handpiece Àϼö·Ï RPMÀÌ ³ô´Ù.
(2) electric engine - belt - handpiece°¡ »ç¿ëµÇ¾úÀ¸³ª ¿äÁòÀº ³ôÀº ¾Ð·ÂÀÇ air¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ air turbine - ultrahigh speed handpiece¸¦ ÁÖ·Î ÀÌ¿ë.(30¸¸ RPM)
ÀåÁ¡: »èÁ¦ È¿À²ÀÌ ³ô´Ù.
´ÜÁ¡: air¿¡ ÀÇÇϹǷΠ°úµµÇÑ pressure¸¦ °¡Çϸé stop
2. dental bur
1) ±¸Á¶
shank neck head
(1) head: cutting action
(2) neck: headÀÇ ¿îµ¿ ¹üÀ§¿¡ Àå¾Ö°¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê°Ô Çϱâ À§ÇØ vision È®º¸
(3) shank: handpiece·ÎºÎÅÍ È¸Àü·ÂÀ» Àü´Þ¹Þ´Â ºÎÀ§
- 2 type
1> friction grip type
<1> handpiece ³»¸éÀÌ plasticÀ̳ª metal·Î µÊ
<2> tube·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ°í, bur¿Í ²À ¸Â°Ô ÇÏ¿©¼­ ¸¶Âû·Â¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ȸÀü·ÂÀ» Àü´Þ½ÃÅ´.
<3> ´À½¼ÇØÁö¸é chuckÀ» ¹Ù²ãÁØ´Ù.
high speed¿¡ »ç¿ë(10000 RPM ÀÌ»ó)
2> latch type
<1> burÀÇ shank tipÀÌ ±â°èÀûÀ¸·Î °É¸²
<2> handpiece¿¡ ÀÚ¹°¼èó·³ Àá±â°Ô ÇÏ¿© °°ÀÌ È¸ÀüÇÏ¿© ȸÀü·ÂÀ» Àü´Þ
2) headÀÇ ¸ð¾ç
round inverted straight tapered
bur cone bur fissure bur fissure bur
3) numbering by shape: ¼ö°¡ ÀÛÀ» ¼ö·Ï head sizeµµ ÀÛ´Ù
(1) round bur
11 ÀÌÇÏÀÇ ÀÛÀº ¼ö·Î Ç¥½Ã: # 1/4, #1/2, #1. #2, #3 -11
(2) inverted cone bur
30 ´ÜÀ§ÀÇ ¼ö·Î Ç¥½Ã: # 33 1/2, 34, 35 - 40
(3) fissure bur
1> plain straight fissure bur
³¯ÀÌ ÇÑ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î¸¸ ÀÖÀ½
50¹ø´ë·Î numbering: # 55 1/2 #56, 57, - 62
2> crosscut straight fissure bur
³¯ÀÌ µÎ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ÀÖÀ½
550 ¹ø°ú 560¹ø´ë·Î numbering: #556, 557, 559, 560 - 563
3> tapered fissure bur
plain tapered fissure bur 160, 170 ¹ø´ë: #169, 170L, 171, #67 -73
crosscut tapered fissure bur
700 ¹ø´ëÀÇ 100 ´ÜÀ§ ¼ö: #699,700 -703
4> shankÀÇ ±æÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó¼­
L. S. XL. XXL
ex) #3L
#3S
#3XXL
5> ÀçÁú¿¡ µû¶ó
(1) steel bur: ±â°ø½Ç¿ëÀ̳ª ½Ç½À¿ëÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ±âµµ ÇÔ.
(2) carbide bur: ÁÖ·Î »ç¿ëµÊ - tungsten carbide¿Í cobalt°¡ 9 : 1·Î È¥ÇÕ µÇ¾î ³ôÀº °­µµ. shank¿¡ ȨÀ¸·Î Ç¥½Ã
3. dental cutting stone, abrasive instrument
- abrasive point·Î »èÁ¦
1) material
(1) diamond
(2) carborundum
(3) aluminum oxide
(4) silicone carbide
2) shape
(1) disk: Á÷°æ, µÎ²², Àç·á µî ¿ëµµ¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¾ç
safe side diskµµ(ÇÑ ¸é¸¸ abrasive¸¦ ¹Ù¸¥ °Í)
cup shaped disk µî
(2) wheel type
ex) diamond wheelÀÎ °æ¿ì
Á¾·ù: round edge wheel
square wheel
(3) point: bur¿Í ÇüŰ¡ À¯»ç
needle end, round end, flat end diamond point
diamond point°¡ ÀÓ»ó¿¡¼­ ÁÖ·Î »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
3) abrasive instrumentÀÇ cutting efficiency¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ¿ä¼Ò
abrasive stoneÀº abrasive particle°ú bindingÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
(1) abrasive crystalÀÇ °æµµ, ÇüÅÂ, ÀÔÀÚÀÇ Å©±â
(2) crystal°ú bonding material°úÀÇ °áÇÕ·Â (binderÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ)ÀÌ ³ô¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
(3) crystalÀÇ ¹è¿­
irregular ÇÒ¼ö·Ï cutting efficiency°¡ Å©´Ù
(4) ȸÀü¼Óµµ; instrumentÀÇ peripheral speed
diameter°¡ Ŭ¼ö·Ï °°Àº ȸÀü½Ã instrumentÀÇ peripheral speed°¡ Å©´Ù.
peripheral speed = RPM x Á÷°æ x 3.14
(5) Ä¡¸é¿¡ Á¢Ã˽ÃŰ´Â ¾Ð·Â
±×·¯³ª ³Ê¹« °­ÇÑ ¾Ð·ÂÀ¸·Î ´©¸£¸é stop
 
Biologic consideration on tooth reduction
1. pulp reaction to rotary cutting instrument
dentinal tubuleÀÇ ÀϺΠÀý´Ü¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â °æ¹ÌÇÑ ±¹¼ÒÀû pulp response (odontoblast »èÁ¦)°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸³ª À̺¸´Ù ½É°¢ÇÑ °ÍÀº abrasive point°¡ ȸÀü½Ã »èÁ¦Çϸ鼭 ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â heat¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ pulp response °¡ ´õ Áß¿ä.
¸¶Âû¿­À» ÁÙÀ̱â À§ÇÏ¿©¼­´Â
1) ¾î´À ÇÑ ºÎºÐ¸¸ ¿À·§µ¿¾È cutting ÇÏ¸é ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.
2) abrasive point°¡ ¹«µò °ÍÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¸» °Í (»èÁ¦´Â ¾ÈµÇ°í, ¿­¸¸ ¹ß»ý)
3) °úµµÇÑ pressure °¡Çؼ­ cuttingÇÏ¸é ¾ÈµÇ°í light intermittent cuttingÀ» ÇÑ´Ù.(60 gramÀÇ Èû)
4) ¹Ýµå½Ã cutting ºÎÀ§¿¡ coolant »Ñ¸²
2. coolant
high speed hand piece¿¡´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã coolant°¡ ÇÊ¿ä.
»èÁ¦ ±â±¸¿Í Ä¡¾Æ¸é »çÀÌ¿¡ ºÐ»çµÇµµ·Ï designµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
1) ¿ªÇÒ
(1) cutting ½Ã, ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ¿­À» ½ÄÇô pulp º¸È£
(2) ±ðÀÎ particleµéÀ» instrument¿¡¼­ ¾Ä¾î³»¼­ »èÁ¦ È¿°ú¸¦ ³ô¿© ÁÜ
2) water stream
air: high speed¿¡´Â ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù
water-air spray: °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ë
warm water-air spray: °¡Àå ÁÁ´Ù
3. mechanical injury
1) ¾ÈÀüÇÑ ½Ã¼úÀ» À§ÇÑ Á¶°Ç
(1) cuttingÇÒ ºÎÀ§¸¦ Á÷Á¢, ȤÀº mirror¸¦ ÅëÇØ º¸¸é¼­ »èÁ¦ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù - ȯÀÚÀÇ ÃÖ´ë °³±¸°¡ Ç×»ó ÁÁÀº °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
(2) bur¿Í handpieceÀÇ Á¢±Ùµµ¸¦ ÃæºÐÈ÷ È®º¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù
tongue lip cheekÀÇ retractionÀ¸·Î accessibility Á¶Àý
(3) good illumination
(4) fulcrum È®º¸ À§ÇØ finger rest À¯Áö
2) breakÀåÄ¡°¡ ¾ø¾î controller¸¦ ¶¾ ÈÄ¿¡µµ °ü¼º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °è¼Ó µ¹¾Æ°¡¹Ç·Î mirror³ª suction tipÀ¸·Î ÁÖÀ§ ¿¬Á¶Á÷À» º¸È£
o ȯÀÚÀÇ °©ÀÛ½º·± reflex(gag, swallow, cough µî)¿¡ ´ëºñ
o ƯÈ÷, disk ÀÌ¿ë ½Ã ÁÖÀÇ
o crown preparation½Ã, ÀÎÁ¢ Ä¡¾Æ¸¦ º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇØ steel matrix band¸¦ °¨°í Çϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù.
4. eye protection, air contamination, noise
1) eye: ¾È°æ Âø¿ëÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù
(1) ½Ã·Â °¨Åð(¾îµÎ¿î ±¸°­³»¿¡ illuminationÀÌ ÁÁÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¶§)
(2) handpiece »ç¿ë½Ã Æ¢¾î³ª¿Â particleÀÌ ´«À¸·Î µé¾î°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù
2) air contamination
air spray¿¡ ÀÇÇØ hepatitis, tuberculosis, AIDS µî ±ÕÀÌ ÆÛÁ®¼­ °¨¿°
3) noise
hand pieceÀÇ ¼Ò¸® - ³­Ã»
5. patient, operator & assistant position
ÁÁÀº ½Ã¾ß¿Í ¼úÀÚÀÇ ÇǷθ¦ ÁÙÀ̱â À§ÇÏ¿© °¡²û ȯÀÚ¿Í ¼úÀÚÀÇ À§Ä¡¸¦ º¯È­½ÃŲ´Ù. 2 ÀÎ ºÐ¾÷ Ä¡°úÁø·á(4 handed dentistry)
1) rule for unit chair adjustment
(1) ÇÏ¾Ç Ä¡¾Æ Ä¡·á½Ã
Áø·áÀÇÀÚ´Â ¹Ù´Ú°ú 30-40µµ °æ»çÁö°ÔÇϰí, ÇÏ¾Ç Ä¡¾Æ ±³ÇÕ¸éÀÌ floor¿Í ÆòÇà
(2) »ó¾Ç Ä¡¾Æ Ä¡·á½Ã
Áø·áÀÇÀÚ´Â ¹Ù´Ú°ú ¼öÆòµÇ°Ô Çϸç, »ó¾Ç Ä¡¾Æ ±³ÇÕ¸éÀÌ floor¿Í 45µµ ÀÌ»ó °æ»ç Áö°ÔÇϰí mirror»ç¿ë
(3) ³ôÀÌ
¼úÀÚ°¡ ¾É¾ÒÀ» ¶§ elbow ³ôÀ̺¸´Ù ¾à°£ ´õ ³ô°Ô
2) operator & assistant position
(1) ¼úÀÚÀÇ Çʿ信 µû¶ó º¯È­³ª º¸Åë ¼úÀÚ´Â 7½Ã-12½Ã ¿µ¿ª, º¸Á¶¿øÀº 2½Ã-4½Ã ¹æÇâ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù.
(2) °í°³³ª Ç㸮¸¦ ³Ê¹« ±¸ºÎ¸®Áö ¸»°í ¹Ù¸¥ ÀÚ¼¼ À¯Áö°¡ ÇÊ¿ä. 30-40cm Á¤µµ ±¸°­°ú ¶³¾îÁ®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
(3) º¸Á¶¿øÀÇ ´« ³ôÀÌ´Â ¼úÀÚº¸´Ù 10-15cm ´õ ³ô°Ô ¾É¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
(4) ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ body contactÀ» »ï°¡°í ȯÀÚÀÇ °¡½¿ À§¿¡ ±â±¸ µîÀ» ¾ñÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
 
Steps in tooth preparation
1) proximal reduction(cut, slice)
2) occlusal or incisal reduction
3) facial or lingual reduction
patient³ª ¼úÀÚ¿¡ µû¶ó ¼ø¼­¸¦ ¹Ù²Ü ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
4) rounding(softening) of corners
occlusal °ú proximal, proximal°ú lingual µîÀÌ ¸¸³ª´Â line angleºÎÀ§°¡ sharp rough ÇØÁ³À¸¹Ç·Î À̸¦ ºÎµå·´°Ô ó¸®
5) cervical finishing line
gold crownÀÎ °æ¿ì chamfer¶ó´Â finishing lineÀ¸·Î ó¸®
PFMÀÎ °æ¿ì shoulder finishing line
6) groove, pinhole, ledge if necessary
1. proximal reduction(=prox. cut =prox. slice)
1) ¸ñÀû
(1) ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ crownÀÇ retention: ¸¶ÁÖº¸´Â proximal wallÀ» ¼­·Î 60ÀÇ ¹üÀ§ ³»¿¡¼­ parallelÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ¿©¼­ ¾ò´Â´Ù.
(2) Ä¡¾ÆÀÇ Ç³À¶ºÎ¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÁÖÁ¶Ã¼°¡ Áö´ëÄ¡ÀÇ Ä¡°æºÎ±îÁö ÀåÂøµÉ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.
(3) metalÀÌ µé¾î°¥ ÃæºÐÇÑ °ø°£À» ºÎ¿©ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÁÖÁ¶Ã¼ÀÇ °­µµ¿Í Á¤»óÀûÀÎ crownÀÇ ÇüŸ¦ ºÎ¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.
(4) cervicalÀ̳ª proximalÂÊÀ» ´Ùµë´Âµ¥, Á¢±Ùµµ¸¦ ÁÁ°Ô ÇØÁØ´Ù.
(5) proximalÀÇ cervical marginÀÌ caries immune area¿¡ À§Ä¡Çϵµ·Ï ÇØ ÁØ´Ù.
2) ¹æ¹ý
(1) thin tapered diamond point¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© bucc. or lingual¿¡¼­ contact point ºÎÀ§·Î Á¢±ÙÇØ µé¾î°¡¸é¼­ ÇÑ´Ù.
(2) Áß¿äÇÑ Á¡: bridge ÀüüÀÇ path of insertion¿¡ ¸Â°Ô mesial°ú distal wallÀÌ 60ÀÇ parallelism
ex) 6 ¹ø missing½Ã, bridge´Â ÇϳªÀÇ unitÀ̹ǷΠ5 °ú 7ÀÌ µ¿½Ã¿¡ µé¾î°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â path°¡ ÇÊ¿ä
(3) high speedÀÎ °æ¿ì: thin tapered diamond point¸¦ ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ë. °¡²û thin tapered fissure burµµ »ç¿ë
low speedÀÎ °æ¿ì: carborundum disc¸¦ »ç¿ë - disc ÀÌ¿ë ½Ã¿¡´Â incisal edge³ª occlusal surface¿¡¼­ ¾Æ·¡ÂÊÀ¸·Î »èÁ¦ÇÑ´Ù.
2. occlusal or incisal reduction
1) ¸ñÀû
(1) occlusal surface¿¡ metalÀÌ µé¾î°¥ space ºÎ¿©(over contouring ¹æÁö - occlusal morphologyÀçÇö, ±³ÇÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¸¶¸ð·® À§ÇØ ¾î´À Á¤µµ ±íÀÌ ÇÊ¿ä)
(2) crownÀÇ axial wall³¢¸®¸¦ ¼­·Î ¿¬°á,°íÁ¤
(3) ±³ÇÕ·Â, ÃæÄ¡·ÎºÎÅÍ Áö´ëÄ¡¸¦ º¸È£.
2) ¹æ¹ý
(1) ³ªÀ̰¡ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷: abrasion ½ÉÇÒ ¶§ occlusal anatomy°¡ flat - À̶§´Â square edge wheel stone »ç¿ë
(2) Á¤»ó Ä¡¾Æ
tapered fissure bur
diamond point
(3) cusp ÇüÅ µû¶ó planeÀ» Çü¼º
°¡´É ÇÑÇÑ occlusal morphology¿¡ µû¶ó ±ÕÀÏÇÏ°Ô »èÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù.(¹Ì¸® 1-1.5mm Á¤µµ ±íÀÌ·Î depth orientation groove or control groove¸¦ ¸î ±ºµ¥ »èÁ¦ ÈÄ °Å±â¿¡ ¸ÂÃç ±ÕÀÏÇÏ°Ô »èÁ¦Çϸç cusp tip, triangular ridge, grooveµû¶ó ¼³Ä¡)
(4) ´ë·« 1mm Á¤µµ¾¿ »èÁ¦ÇϵÇ, ƯÈ÷ CO³ª mandibleÀÇ excursive moveÇÒ ¶§´Â ´ëÇÕÄ¡¿Í contact ºÎÀ§´Â »èÁ¦¸¦ 0.5mm ´õÇØ 1.5mm·Î »èÁ¦.
(5) ±â¿ï¾îÁø Ä¡¾Æ´Â contactµÇ´Â ºÎÀ§¸¦ »èÁ¦ÇÏ¿© ´ëÇÕÄ¡¿Í 1mmÀÇ °ø°£À» °®°Ô ÇÑ´Ù.(1-1.5 mm°¡ ±ÕÀÏÇÏ°Ô »èÁ¦µÇ¾ú´Â°¡¸¦ È®ÀÎ)
(6) »èÁ¦ ÈÄ ³ôÀÌ ÃøÁ¤µµ 2mm Â¥¸® base plate wax¸¦ ¿¬È­½ÃÄѼ­ ±³Çո鿡 ¹°°Ô Çϸé 1mm Â¥¸® »èÁ¦´Â 1mm ¸¸Å­ ´­¸®°Ô µÈ´Ù.
3) incisal reductionÀÇ ¹æ¹ý
(1) wheel stone, tapered fissure bur, diamond point ÀÌ¿ë °¡´É - ±â±¸´Â ºñ½Á
(2) »ó¾Ç - lingual·Î inclinedµÇ°Ô »èÁ¦
ÇÏ¾Ç - labial·Î inclined
3. facial lingual reduction
1) ¸ñÀû
(1) proximal ºÎÀ§¿Í ¼­·Î ¿¬°áÇϰí occlusal force¸¦ ºÐ»ê½ÃÅ´
(2) Á¤»óÀûÀÎ Ä¡¾ÆÀÇ ÇüŸ¦ ¸¸µé±â À§Çؼ­(over contour¹æÁö)
(3) Ä¡¾Æ¸¦ µÑ·¯½Î´Â metal band Çü¼ºµÇ¾î retention°ú °­µµ°¡ º¸°­µÈ´Ù.
(4) cover ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ±× ºÎÀ§ÀÇ caries ¹æÁö
2) ¹æ¹ý
(1) convex surfaceÀÇ »èÁ¦
fissure bur
cylindrical diamond point
ÇÏ¾Ç Buccal cusp: functional cusp ; broad axial wall
»ó¾Ç Lingual cusp:
- 60 taper À¯ÁöÇϸ鼭 ÀÏ´Ü Ä¡¾Æ ÀåÃà ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î »èÁ¦ ±× ±íÀÌ´Â chamfer finishing lineÀÌ Çü¼ºµÇµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.(°¡Àå ¾Æ·¡ ºÎÀ§°¡ 0.3-0.4mm, ±× À§´Â Ä¡¾Æ ÀåÃà°ú path ¸ÂÃã)
- functional cusp ÂÊÀº Çѹø ´õ occlusal 1/3 ºÎÀ§¸¦ »èÁ¦
; functional side´Â 2 planeÀ¸·Î µÈ´Ù.
Àý¹Ý ºÎÀ§¾¿(mesial half) ³ª´©¾î¼­ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿øÄ¢
occlusal 1/3 ºÎÀ§µµ(distal half) ³ª´©¾î¼­ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿øÄ¢
; °á±¹ buccal side´Â 4 ÂÊÀ¸·Î ³ª´©¾î »èÁ¦
(2) concave ºÎÀ§ÀÇ »èÁ¦
round edgeÀÇ wheel stone ÀÌ¿ë
ƯÈ÷, pit ºÎÀ§´Â round bur·Î »èÁ¦ÇÏ¿© caries°¡ ³²¾Æ ÀÖÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.
4. sharpÇÑ ºÎÀ§ÀÇ rounding
1) ÀÌÀ¯
(1) Àλó 䵿 °úÁ¤, ¸Å¸ô, ÁÖÁ¶ °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ sharp ºÎÀ§´Â Àß ¾È ³ª¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î (error ¹ß»ý ¹æÁö)
(2) Àß ³ª¿Ô´õ¶óµµ stress°¡ ÁýÁߵǹǷΠÆÄÀýÀÌ ¿ëÀÌ
2) ±â±¸
(1) »èÁ¦·®Àº ¸¹Áö´Â ¾ÊÀ¸³ª, particleÀÌ ¹Ì¼¼ÇÑ diamond point »ç¿ë.
(2) sand paper disc
(3) low speed abrasive point
5. cervical finishing line
1) continuous, ÀÏÁ¤ µÎ²²·Î ºÐ¸íÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù - Á¤È®ÇÑ marginÀÇ crown Çü¼º (marginÀÌ Àß ¸ÂÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é trouble source°¡ µÈ´Ù.)
2) types of finishing line(marginÀÇ ÇüÅÂ)
(1) knife edge or feather edge
margin ºÎÀ§°¡ Àß ±¸º° ¾ÈµÊ.
Á» ´úÇÑ °ÍÀÌ knife edge
µÎ²²µµ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Ù.
1> preparation Çϱâ´Â ÁÁÀ¸³ª ±×¿¡ Àß ¸Â´Â crown ¸¸µé±â´Â Á¦ÀÏ ¾î·Æ´Ù.
2> ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Ù.
(2) chamfer
gold or metalÀÇ margin¿¡ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷
1> Æø: 0.3-0.4mm
2> ¾î´À Á¤µµÀÇ bulk¸¦ °®°í ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î °­µµ adaptationÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù.
cast gold crown¿¡ ÀÌ»óÀû
3> routine preparation¿¡ ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ë
4> ¹æ¹ý
round end diamond pointÀÇ Àý¹Ý ±íÀÌ·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
chamfer finishing bur
(3) shoulder
1> porcelain restoration¿¡ »ç¿ë(porcelain or resin jacket crown)
; porcelainÀÌ ¾àÇϱ⠶§¹®
2> Ä¡¾Æ¿Í 900·Î ¸¸³²: butt joint
3> ÃÖ¼Ò 0.7mm µÎ²²À̾î¾ß porcelain, resinÀÌ ±úÁöÁö ¾ÊÀ½
4> °­µµ º¸°­ÀÇ ÀåÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸³ª, »èÁ¦·®ÀÌ ¸¹À¸¹Ç·Î pulp¿¡ injury. marginÀÇ ÀûÇÕ¿¡¼­ gapÀÌ »ý±æ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
(1),(2)´Â occlusal¿¡ gapÀÌ À־ angleÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î º°·Î Â÷ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.
À̰͵µ occlusal¿¡ gapÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ±×´ë·Î gap Çü¼º
; °¢µµ¸¦ ÀÌ·ë(gold)
(4) bevel
- inlay margin¿¡ ÀûÇÕ
d = D x sin ¥è
; D¸¦ ÁÙ¿© ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
sin 900ÀÏ ¶§ d = D
3) ideal cervical finishing line
(1) cervical finishing lineÀÌ definite(ºÐ¸í)ÇØ¾ß Çϰí, cervical lineµû¶ó continuousÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
(2) marginÀÇ °­µµ À¯Áö À§ÇØ ÃæºÐÇÑ bulk¸¦ °¡Á®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
ƯÈ÷, porcelain, resinµî ¾àÇÑ Àç·áÀÏ ¶§ - shoulder°¡ À¯¸®
(3) ¿ÀÂ÷¸¦ cementation adaptation °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ Á¶ÀýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
- enable to burnish(bevelÀ̳ª knife edgedÀÇ gold¿¡¼­ ÀߵȴÙ)
(4) tooth structure¸¦ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÇÑ ÃÖ¼Ò »èÁ¦ÇÏ¿© conservative
(5) margin ºÎÀ§¿¡¼­ occlusal force¸¦ support
4) location of finishing line °áÁ¤½Ã, °í·Á »çÇ×
(1) - °¡´ÉÇÑ ÇÑ supragingival margin finishingÀÌ °¡Àå ÁÁ´Ù.
ÀÌÀ¯
1> impression ¶ã ¶§ finishing lineÀÌ Àß º¹Á¦µÇ¹Ç·Î À¯¸®
2> crown ¸ÂÃç º¸´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ dentist°¡ marginÀ» Àß finishingÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
3> ȯÀÚ°¡ oral hygiene care°¡ ¿ëÀÌÇϰí gingiva¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚ±ØÀ» ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. (periodontal aspect)
4> marginÀÌ enamel »ó¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇϹǷΠÁÁ´Ù.
(cementum¿¡ µÎ¸é ¾àÇϹǷΠsecondary caries µî ¹®Á¦)
(2) subgingival margin finishingÀÇ indication
1> Ä¡¾Æ ±æÀ̰¡ ª¾Æ axial wall¿¡¼­ ÃæºÐÇÑ retentionÀ» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ¾øÀ» ¶§
2> ÃæÄ¡ ÀÌȯÀ²ÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ³ô¾Æ caries immune area±îÁö marginÀ» ¿¬ÀåÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °æ¿ì
3> ÀüÄ¡ºÎ¿¡¼­ ½É¹Ì¼ºÀÌ Áß¿ä½ÃµÉ ¶§
- PFMÀº routineÀ¸·Î subgingival 0.5mm·Î finishing lineÀ» ÇÑ´Ù.
4> cervicalÀÇ sensitivity, erosionÀÌ ³ôÀ» ¶§
- cold¿¡ ½Ã¸° ȯÀÚ
5> ÀÌÀü ¼öº¹¹°ÀÇ À§Ä¡°¡ ÀÌ¹Ì subgingiva·Î ÀÖÀ» ¶§
6. groove, ledge, pinhole
(1) groove
1> ¸ñÀû
<1> retention(Å»¶ôÇÏ·Á´Â Èû¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀúÇ×)
ƯÈ÷, partial veneer crownÀÎ °æ¿ì axial wallÀÌ 2 ¸é Á¤µµ¹Û¿¡ ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÁÖµÈ retentionÀ» proximal groove¿¡¼­ ¾òÀ½
<2> metalÀÇ µÎ²²¸¦ ÁõÁø½ÃÄÑ, ÁÖÁ¶Ã¼ÀÇ °­µµ¸¦ º¸°­
2> Á¾·ù
<1> ÀüÄ¡, ¼Ò±¸Ä¡ ºÎÀ§ÀÇ retention ÁõÁøÀ§ÇÑ proximal groove
<2> incisal groove - rigidity °­µµ º¸°­(incisal edgeºÎÀ§)
<3> auxiliary groove - ±¸Ä¡ºÎ
3> ±â±¸
<1> tapered fissure bur ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© path of insertion¿¡ ÆòÇàÇϰÔ
<2> inverted cone bur ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¾ç proximal°£À» ¿¬°á
<3> buccal lingual proximalµî ÇÊ¿ä ºÎÀ§¿¡ path¿¡ parallelÇÏ°Ô 1-2 °³ ÆÄ¼­, retention ÁõÁø
(2) ledge(=step)
ÀüÄ¡ºÎÀÇ lingual¿¡ »ç¿ë - partial veneer crown¿¡¼­
1> ¸ñÀû
<1> occlusal force·ÎºÎÅÍ ÁÖÁ¶Ã¼¸¦ ÁöÁö
<2> ÁÖÁ¶Ã¼ÀÇ °­µµ º¸°­
<3> secondary retention À§ÇØ pin holeÀ» À§ÇÑ surface Á¦°ø
2> ±â±¸
cylindrical diamond point³ª fissure bur
3> path of insertion¿¡ ¸Â°Ô(axial surface) undercutÀÌ µÇÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ÁÖÀÇÇÑ´Ù.
(3) pin hole
1> ¸ñÀû
<1> retentionÀÇ ÁõÁø
<2> ÁÖÁ¶Ã¼°¡ ºñƲ¸®°Å³ª lingual·Î displacement³ª rotation¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀúÇ×
2> cingulum »ó¹æ¿¡ 1-3°³
ºÎ°¡Àû retention À§ÇØ 1°³
- path of insertion¿¡ ¸Â¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.(¼ö°¡ ¸î °³À̵ç)
- parallelometer¸¦ Àӽ÷Π±¸°­¿¡ ºÎÂøÇÏ¿© hand piece°¡ ´Ù¸¥ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ¿òÁ÷ÀÌÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ÇØÁØ´Ù.
3> »ç¿ë ±â±¸
tapered fissure bur³ª round bur
4> pin holeÀ» ¶Õ±â Àü¿¡ #1/2 round bur·Î indentationÀ» ÁØ ÈÄ pin hole ¶Õ¾î¾ß ¹Ì²ø¸®Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. "pilot hole"
5> X - ray·Î º¸¾Æ ±í°Ô ÇϵÇ, pulp exposure¿¡ ÁÖÀÇ

 
Fundamentals of retention
1. axial wallÀÇ parallelism(60 taper)
2. 2ndary retention formÀ» °¡Áö¸é ÁÁ´Ù. - groove, ledge, pinhole µî circumferential irregularity°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é rotation µîÀÇ ÀúÇ׿¡ ÁÁ´Ù.
3. ÃæºÐÇÑ µÎ²²ÀÇ metalÀÌ µ¤À̵µ·Ï preparationÇÏ¿© crown º¯ÇüÀ» ¸·´Â´Ù. - deformationÀ» À§ÇØ alloy selection, reduction amount, margin designÀ» ÀßÇÔ.
4. Ä¡¾Æ°¡ ªÀ» ¶§´Â occluso axial line angleÀ» rounding ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, sharpÇÏ°Ô µÐ´Ù.(´õ ª¾ÆÁö¹Ç·Î)
5. groove, pinhole, proximal box¸¦ ±æ°í ±í°Ô, path of insertion¿¡ ÆòÇàÇÏ°Ô Çü¼ºÇØ ÁØ´Ù.
6. crown°úÀÇ ÀûÇÕµµ(fitness)°¡ ÁÁ¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.- film thickness of cement
7. cementÀÇ Á¢Âø·ÂÀÌ °­ÇÒ¼ö·Ï ÁÁ´Ù.