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- Chap 29. Dental Implant
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- # Dental implant ¶õ?
- oral cavity¿¡¼ Á¡¸·À» ¶Õ°í tissue³»·Î »ðÀÔµÇ¾î º¸Ã¶¹°À» ÁöÁöÇÒ ¼ö
ÀÖ´Â deviceÀ̸ç, post°¡ ±¸°³»·Î ³ëÃâµÇ¾î Àΰø abutment·Î »ç¿ëµÊ.
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- History of modern implantology
- 1. stage I endosteal implants
- 1937³â(Venable); surgical Vitallium°³¹ß, Co-Cr-Mo alloy
- 1939³â(Strock); screw type implant, Vitallium
- 2. subperiosteal implant
- 1941³â(Dahal's); bone impression ¾øÀÌ Á¦ÀÛ
- 1951³â(Lew); bone impression
- ÃÖ±Ù(James); CT scanÀ¸·Î bone impression ´ëÄ¡
- 3. stage II endosteal implants
- 1951³â(Brånemark); titaniumÀÇ osseointegration
- 1963³â(Linkow); Linkow blade vent implant
- 1968³â(Small); staple bone plate
- 1970³â(Kawahara); ceramic cylindrical implant
- 1974³â(Greenfield); ITI hollow cylinder
- 1974³â(Kirsch);IMZ implant
- 1982³â ÀÌÈÄ; 1981³â Brånemark implant °á°ú°¡ ¼Ò°³µÈ ÈÄ 2 stage
surgery°¡ º¸Æíȵǰí Nobelphama implant À¯»çǰÀÇ cylindrical implant ÆÇ¸Å
- ex) Steri-Oss, Flexiroot, Core Vent, Integral
- 1984³â; hydroxyapatite coatingµÈ Integral implant
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- Classification of dental implant
- 1. endosteal implant
- boneÀ» ¶Õ°í bone³»ºÎ¿¡ ¸Å½Ä
- 1) blade vent implant
- 2) tooth root replacement
- vitreous carbon, aluminum oxide, vitallium
- 3) osseointegration implant
- titanium, hydroxyapatite
- 2. subperiosteal implant
- soft tissueÀÇ flapÀ» Á¥È÷°í bone implantÀ» ¶á ´ÙÀ½ ²Ë ¸Â°Ô ¾ñÈú ¼ö
ÀÖ´Â ±¸Á¶¹°À» ÁÖÁ¶ÇÏ¿© ´Ù½Ã »ðÀÔÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä.
- 1) mandibular subperiosteal implant
- full archÀÎ °æ¿ì ÁÖÁ¶ post 4°³°¡ ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ³ª¿Í C D¸¦ ÁöÁöÇÑ´Ù.
- 2) maxillary pterygoid extension implant
- »ó¾ÇÀÇ boneÀº Èí¼ö°¡ ÀߵǹǷΠºñ±³Àû boneÀÌ constantÇÑ
- (1) hard palate
- (2) ant. nasal spine
- (3) pterygoid process
- ±îÁö ¿¬ÀåÇÏ¿© support¸¦ ¾òÀ½
- 3. mandibular staple bone implant
- edentulous atrophic Mand.ÀÇ ant. portion¿¡ ÀåÄ¡ÇÏ¸ç ¿Ü°ú¼ö¼ú¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿©
inferior Mn. border¿¡¼ ºÎÅÍ alveolar. ridge crest±îÁö ±¸¸ÛÀ» ¶Õ°í stapleÀ»
³¢¿ö °íÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.
- 4. endodontic implant
- endo Ä¡·áÇÑ Ä¡¾Æ°¡ µ¿¿ä°¡ ½ÉÇØ¼ Áö´ëÄ¡·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» ¶§ Ä¡¾ÆÀåÃà
¹æÇâÀ¸·Î root apex¸¦ Åë°úÇÏ´Â ±â´Ù¶õ post¸¦ bone¿¡±îÁö ¿¬ÀåµÇ°Ô ¹Ú´Â´Ù.
- 5. mucosal insert(button implant)
- »ó¾Ç CDÀÇ retention À§ÇÏ¿© Á¡¸· ³»¿¡ ±¹ÇѵǴ Á¶±×¸¶ÇÑ ±¸¸ÛÀ» ¶Õ°í
soft tissueÀÇ undercut¸¦ ÀÌ¿ë
- 6. ramus frame implant
- Mand.ÀÇ anterior part¿Í ramus¿¡ foot¸¦ °®´Â frameÀ» Mand.¿¡ ÀåÂøÇϰí
ÀÌ À§¿¡ CD ÇØÁØ´Ù.
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- Biocompatibility of implant
- 1. biocompatible material
- 1) metal; titanium, Vitallium(Cr-Co-Mo), tantalum
- 2) carbon
- 3) ceramic & hydroxyapatite
- 2. consensus conference
- 1978³â Harvard univ.¿¡¼ º¸Ã¶°ú, ¿Ü°ú ÀÇ»ç ¹× Åë°è ºÐ¼®°¡¿Í º¸»çºÎ
Á÷¿øµéÀÌ ¸ð¿© implant¿¡ ´ëÇÑ clinical result¸¦ Á¶»ç °ËÅäÇÏ¿´´Ù. 1988³â NIH consensus
conference ÀÌÈÄ Ä¡°ú°è¿¡ ±àÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ »ý±è.
- 3. histologic evidence around implant body of blade vent implant
- 1) peri implant memb.(=pseudo periodontal memb.)
- ¸Å½Äü¿Í ÁÖÀ§°ñ »çÀÌ¿¡ »ý±ä °áüÁ¶Á÷ ¸·ÀÌ¸ç ¼öÁ÷ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹è¿µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
- 2) implant bodyÀÇ surf´Â cementumÀÇ surf. texture¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÏ°Ô Á¦Á¶µÈ´Ù.
- 3) vent ³»ºÎ·Î´Â boneÀÌ ¼ºÀåÇØ µé¾î°£ ¸ð½À
- 4) ¸Å½Äü Áö´ëÁÖ ÁÖÀ§ Á¶Á÷Àº Á¤»óÄ¡¾Æ Ä¡Àº ¿±¸ Á¶Á÷°ú À¯»çÇÑ ¾ç»ó.
- 4. osseointegration
- Sweden BrånemarkÀÇ ¿¬±¸°á°ú·Î 2-stage surgery½Ã titanium Ç¥¸é¿¡
boneÀÌ direct appositionµÊÀÌ ±¤ÇÐ Çö¹Ì°æ »óÀ¸·Î È®ÀεÊ
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- Osseointegration cylindrical implant
- 1. ±¸Á¶
- fixture, cover screw, abutment, abutment screw, gold cylinder, gold
screw
- 2. contraindication
- 1) irradiated patient
- 2) psychiatric problems
- 3) systemic disorder
- 4) pathology of bone and soft tissue
- 3. diagnosis and treatment plan
- 1) history
- 2) oral exam.
- 3) study cast
- 4) radiographic exam.
- 5) diagnostic wax up and splint Á¦ÀÛ
- 6) bone evaluation
- 7) design; bone anchored vs. overdenture vs. splinting
- 3. appointments
- 1) examination, diagnosis
- 2) treatment planning
- 3) first surgery, fixture
- 4) suture removal - 1 week later
- 5) soft denture reline - 1 weeks later
- 6) relining of denture - every 3 weeks
- »ó¾Ç; 4-6°³¿ù, ÇϾÇ; 3-4°³¿ù
- 7) second surgery, abutment connection
- 8) suture removal - 1 week later
- 9) prosthesis - 2 weeks later
- 10) regular recall
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- Blade vent implant
- 1. ±¸Á¶
- 2. indication for endosteal blade vent implant
- 1) blade ventÀÇ implant post´Â removable PD(RPD)ÀÇ Áö´ëÄ¡·Î »ç¿ëµÇ¾î¼´Â
¾ÈµÈ´Ù.
- 2) single toothÀÇ replacement·Î´Â »ç¿ëÇØ¼´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù.
- 3) »ó¾Çµ¿À̳ª inf. alv. canalÀ» ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» ¸¸Å ÃæºÐÇÑ boneÀÌ ÀÖ´Â
°æ¿ì¿¡¸¸ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
- 4) ¹Ýµå½Ã ÀÎÁ¢ ÀÚ¿¬Ä¡¿Í splintingÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
- 5) complete edentulous arch¿¡¼´Â ÃÖ¼Ò 4°³ÀÇ implant¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÁöÁöµÊ
- 3. procedure
- 1) selection of blade vent implant
- X-ray¿Í clinical measurement¿¡ µû¶ó Àû´çÇÑ Å©±â¿Í ÇüÅÂÀÇ implant¸¦
¼±ÅÃ(sinus, nerve, canal µî ÁÖÀÇ)
- 2) incision
- implant º¸´Ù 5mm ±æ°Ô incisionÇϰí mucoperiosteumÀÇ flapÀ» À糤´Ù.
- 3) channeling of bone
- knife edgeÀÇ alv. bone ridge³ª irregularÇÑ area¸¦ bone file·Î ´ÙµëÀº
´ÙÀ½ ±æÀ̰¡ ±ä 700XL, 700XXL bur¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© implant º¸´Ù 1mm ±æ°Ô groove Çü¼º.
- 4) insert the implant
- channel ³»ÀÇ bone debris¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÏ°í ±íÀ̸¦ È®ÀÎÇÑ ´ÙÀ½, titanium tipÀ¸·Î
µÈ seating instrument·Î Àâ°í °¡º±°Ô malletingÇÏ¿© Á¦ À§Ä¡·Î ÀåÂø½ÃŲ´Ù.
- (neckÀÇ safety stop & lack ºÎÀ§°¡ alveolar bone crest¿¡ ¿À°í shoulder´Â
2mm ÇϹ濡 À§Ä¡)
- 5) suture
- implant postºÎÀ§´Â semilunar punch·Î excessÇÑ soft tissue¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇϰí
interrupted suture with 3-0 black silk
- 6) temporary bridge
- implant ÀÇ stabilization°ú ȯÀÚÀÇ psychological benefit¸¦ ¾ò±â¸¦ À§ÇؼÀ̸ç
temporary cement°¡ incision line ³»·Î µé¾î°¡Áö ¾Êµµ·Ï rubber damÀ¸·Î protection
- 7) permanent prosthesis & routine check
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